Description
IBA1 (Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1), also known as AIF1 (Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1), is a 17-kDa cytoplasmic protein expressed specifically in microglia and macrophages. It plays a key role in the regulation of microglial activation, phagocytosis, membrane ruffling, and migration in response to injury or disease. IBA1 expression is upregulated in activated microglia, making it a widely used marker for identifying and studying microglial cells in the central nervous system under both physiological and pathological conditions, including neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and brain injury. Due to its specificity and robust expression in microglia, IBA1 is extensively used in immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence applications to evaluate microglial morphology, activation states, and spatial distribution within neural tissues.
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